Portugaliae
Electrochimica Acta

The purpose of this study was to provide recommendations for enhancing environmental awareness and education in the region of Quetta, Pakistan, by investigating the influence of Environmental Education and Awareness on the Effective Management of Solid Wastes in the region. This was achieved by examining existing awareness on environmental policies, and how these influence people’s attitudes towards SWM. This was accomplished by establishing a link between mindset and SWM strategies, and assessing the influence of individuals’ environmental knowledge on how they address SW. Using a standardized survey, data were collected from 400 respondents from four zones: Kuchlack, Siryab, Kharot Abad and Nawakili, employing a systematic random sampling technique. The information gathered from the questionnaire was scrutinized. The findings revealed the presence of an environmental awareness policy in Quetta, Balochistan, as well as its effects on people’s attitudes towards SWM. In addition, no association was found between attitudes and SWM practice. Also, environmental education did not influence Quetta people’s attitudes towards SWM. Based on these findings, a collection of suggestions has been developed to assist practitioners, policymakers and especially academics in dealing with SWM. Keywords: environmental awareness; SW; WM.

This review paper examines the potential of using NPNi/NPNiO and NC as CI for MS and other ferrous alloys in a variety of aggressive corrosive media. A survey of previous literature revealed that higher Ct of NPNi has significantly reduced CR and has increased corrosion IE(%) for different ferrous alloys in various corrosive media. These CI effectively protect the substrate, even at low Ct, by forming a dense passive film which adheres to the metal surface and inhibits anodic or cathodic reactions that cause metal corrosion. Their enhanced corrosion protection ability is due to the presence of more available active sites for adsorption of destructive ions, caused by their high surface area to volume ratio. NPNi are very stable, even at higher T and in aggressive salt environments, due to their large surface area, high hardness and excellent thermal stability. These CI have a unique advantage over other traditional organic and green inhibitors, because they are not easily washed away by corrosive fluids during industrial operations, and are chemically stable under harsh conditions and elevated T. Different methods for synthesis and characterization of NPNi, as well as environmental and safety considerations associated with the use of these CI, are also herein discussed. Keywords: corrosion; CI; ferrous alloys; Ni; NiO; NP.

This study involved the development of a multifaceted Zn barrier coating through ED technique, followed by a comprehensive characterization of its properties. A MS plate, Zn and CaO were all sourced and assessed, in accordance with ASTM standards. ED process was then employed to coat MS, resulting in Zn-12CaO identification as the formulation with the highest coating thickness, at 0.2304 mm. Electrochemical assessment highlighted exceptional corrosion performance of Zn-12CaO coating, which showed CR of 2.4117 mm/year and Pr of 34.41 Ω. This performance stood out in comparison to the as-received sample, which had a CR of 13.449 mm/year across all Zn-CaO formulations. Microstructural analysis through SEM images unveiled the presence of rough and irregularly shaped refined particles, with the Zn-12CaO coating showing a significant deposit of crystallites. Furthermore, it exhibited remarkable hardness, registering a value of 258.12 BHN. EDS analysis provided insights into the coating’s significant elements, contributing to its corrosion resistance and hardness properties. With its impressive hardness value of 258.12 BHN and low CR of 2.0618 mm/year, Zn-12CaO coating emerges as an excellent solution against potential failure in steel, for application in industries requiring durable protective barriers, such as automotive, construction and marine environments. Keywords: corrosion; ED of Zn; mechanical properties; microstructural analysis.

The study's aim was to create a brightness histogram based on the electrical effects of a 1% solution of lavender essential oil dissolved with 5% ethyl alcohol in distilled water compared to a control sample of 5% ethyl alcohol in distilled water. Corona gas discharge (CGD) is a glowing corona with a bluish color that appears because of a high concentration of ions and electrons. The corona discharge is connected to ionization processes in the gas phase, which depend on the electric field and gas composition. CGD occurs in laboratory conditions. Corona can have a positive or negative charge. Both types are used for wastewater cleaning, fruit juice sterilization, surface disinfecting, and medicine. A high-voltage electrode usually ranges from 3 to 30 kV. The frequency range was from 10 to 20 kHz. The electric current is commonly in mA. Ignatov et al. have studied signal power ranges from one to two-tenths of a watt. Antonov et al. have shown that CGD parameters depend on the object’s dielectric permittivity, underscoring the importance of this research. The work of Pesotskaya et al. is also of significance to this study. It indicates that BH can be created with black-white registration and that brightness is linked with dielectric permittivity. This finding is particularly relevant to this research about the effects of CGD on lavender oil (LO) from the Lavandula angustifolia mill., as it provided a method for quantifying observed changes in brightness. The formula is Y = Cε, where Y is brightness, C is coefficient and ε is dielectric permittivity. Keywords: brightness; CGD; histogram; LO.

The aim of this study was to shed light on the process of CH₃OH bacterial electrolytic oxidation, catalysed by a Zn-modified CPE, in the presence of PM polymer in a solution containing 0.3 g NaCl dissolved in 20 mL distilled water. Electrodes were fabricated by depositing Zn on a CPE using potentiostat and galvanostatic techniques. Optical morphology analysis and microscopy techniques revealed Zn efficient dispersion on C, forming well-structured and connected clusters. The study of electrode behavior using CV techniques revealed catalytic effects that improved CH₃OH oxidation results. Keywords: CH₃OH; CV, electrodeposition; oxidation; PM Zn.